Emaciated Horse by Gong Kai is a handscroll executed in ink on paper in the late 13th century. The work belongs to the late 13th century and reflects the artist’s activity during the Yuan dynasty, a period marked by significant social and political upheaval following the fall of the Song dynasty. Gong Kai was known as a scholar and painter, and this scroll is among his most recognized surviving works. The image presents a single, gaunt horse, its ribs and hip bones sharply defined beneath its thin skin.

The animal is rendered in careful, fine ink lines, with a subdued palette limited to shades of black and grey on a light paper ground. The horse’s posture is downcast, its head lowered and mane hanging limply, emphasizing its frail condition. Numerous red collectors' seals and inscriptions surround the figure, attesting to the work’s long history of appreciation and collection. Handscrolls depicting horses were a significant genre in Chinese painting, especially during the Song and Yuan dynasties, often symbolizing loyalty, endurance, or the hardships of exile.

The scroll is now in the Osaka City Museum of Fine Arts. The work is notable for its expressive line and the psychological depth achieved with minimal means.