Cows, Red, Green, Yellow — History & Facts
A yellow cow dominates the foreground of Cows, Red, Green, Yellow, painted in oil on canvas by Franz Marc in 1912. The composition features three cows rendered in bold, unnatural colors: yellow, red, and green. The animals are set against a background of swirling, abstracted forms in blue, green, pink, and black, with patches of white and orange suggesting clouds or distant hills.
The brushwork is expressive, with soft edges and visible blending, emphasizing the movement and energy of the scene. This work belongs to a period in early twentieth-century Germany when Franz Marc was a leading figure of the Expressionist movement, particularly associated with the group Der Blaue Reiter. Marc was known for his use of vivid color to convey emotional and symbolic meaning, often depicting animals as subjects embodying purity or spiritual harmony. The painting’s date of 1912 places it among Marc’s explorations of color symbolism and abstraction, which were central to his artistic development during this time.
The work is documented under the title Kühe, gelb-rot-grün and is sometimes confused with his more famous Gelbe Kuh.
















