Portrait of Leo Tolstoy was painted by Ivan Kramskoi in 1873, using oil on canvas. The work depicts the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy at the age of approximately 45, during a period when Tolstoy was gaining recognition for his literary achievements. The painting was created during a significant phase in Kramskoi's career, when he was an influential figure among the Russian realist artists known as the Peredvizhniki. The portrait presents Tolstoy seated, facing forward with his hands resting on his lap and the arm of a chair.

He is dressed in a simple, dark, loose-fitting shirt, with a somber background that places emphasis on his face and intense gaze. The subdued palette and careful rendering of textures highlight Tolstoy’s features, particularly his deep-set eyes, full beard, and expressive hands. The composition is direct and unadorned, reflecting both the sitter's character and the realist approach favored by Kramskoi. The painting is held in the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow.

Since its completion, Portrait of Leo Tolstoy has been recognized as a significant example of 19th-century Russian portraiture and has been exhibited as part of the gallery’s permanent collection. The work is notable for its psychological depth and for its association with two major cultural figures of its time: the artist Ivan Kramskoi and the writer Leo Tolstoy.