In Portrait study of an Italian peasant girl, the viewer is greeted by a young girl dressed in traditional peasant attire. The colors are warm and earthy, with rich browns and muted greens dominating the palette. Her expression is serene, and her gaze is directed slightly off to the side, suggesting a moment of contemplation.

The background is softly blurred, drawing attention to her figure and the intricate details of her clothing. The painting is executed in oil on panel, a medium that allows for fine detail and texture. Lewis's brushwork is meticulous, capturing the fabric of the girl's dress and the softness of her skin. The dimensions of the artwork are approximately 40 x 60 cm, making it an intimate portrait rather than a grand display.

The use of light and shadow adds depth, enhancing the three-dimensional quality of the figure. John Frederick Lewis was known for his Orientalist works, but this piece reflects his interest in the everyday lives of people in Italy. Interestingly, Lewis spent a significant amount of time in the Mediterranean, which influenced his artistic style and subject matter. This portrait is a testament to his ability to blend realism with a romanticized view of peasant life.

It showcases not only the beauty of the subject but also the cultural context of rural Italy in the 19th century.