In Le Massacre des Innocents, Nicolas Poussin presents a chaotic scene filled with anguish and despair. The painting features a multitude of figures, both adults and children, caught in a moment of horror. The colors are predominantly dark, with deep reds and browns that enhance the sense of tragedy.

The setting is a tumultuous landscape, emphasizing the emotional turmoil of the scene. The painting is executed in oil on canvas, a common medium for Poussin's works. The dimensions are approximately 130 x 162 cm, allowing for a detailed portrayal of the figures and their expressions. Poussin's technique includes strong contrasts of light and shadow, which adds depth to the composition.

The arrangement of the figures creates a dynamic movement that draws the viewer's eye across the canvas. Nicolas Poussin was a leading figure in the Baroque movement, known for his classical approach to painting. Le Massacre des Innocents reflects his interest in historical and biblical themes. Interestingly, this work was inspired by the biblical story of King Herod's decree to kill all male infants in Bethlehem.

Poussin's interpretation emphasizes the emotional weight of this tragic event through dramatic expressions and gestures.