A chestnut tree in full bloom dominates the foreground, its branches stretching upward and outward, filling the upper left of the composition with dense, textured foliage. The leaves and blossoms are rendered in thick, energetic strokes of green, white, and yellow, each mark distinct and angled, giving the tree a sense of movement and vitality. Beneath the tree, a sturdy trunk leans slightly to the left, its bark described in vertical swathes of green and brown, anchoring the scene.

A low, pale fence runs horizontally behind the tree, its upright posts and blue shadows creating a rhythmic barrier between the foreground and the background. To the right of the trunk, a smaller, bushy tree or shrub appears, painted in swirling, dark green strokes that echo the lively brushwork of the chestnut above. The ground at the base of the tree is a patchwork of ochre, lavender, and green, with angular shadows and tufts of grass suggesting uneven terrain.

A bridge or raised path, painted in cool purples and blues, cuts diagonally through the lower part of the image, leading the eye from left to right. Above, the sky is a brilliant blue, streaked with touches of green and violet, and animated by short, slanting dashes of darker paint that suggest a breezy day. The composition is tightly framed, with the tree's foliage pressing against the edges, creating a sense of immediacy and immersion in the scene.

Every surface is alive with visible brushstrokes, from the thick impasto of the leaves to the linear marks defining the fence and ground. Vincent van Gogh painted Blossoming chestnut trees in Auvers in May 1890.