A richly robed Virgin Mary sits enthroned at the center, holding the Christ Child on her lap, surrounded by saints and the donor in a semicircular architectural space. Mary wears a deep red mantle that cascades in heavy folds over her lap and down the steps of her throne, with a blue undergarment visible at her chest. The figures are set within an elaborate church interior, with rounded arches and columns framing the scene and patterned glass panes visible in the background.

A richly patterned carpet covers the floor in front of the throne, its intricate geometric and floral designs rendered in vivid reds and greens. The throne itself is decorated with minute carvings, including small sculpted figures and animals, visible on the armrests and architectural supports. The paint surface is highly detailed, with smooth, almost invisible brushstrokes, especially in the depiction of fabrics, armor, and flesh, creating a convincing illusion of texture and light.

The composition is symmetrically arranged, with the Virgin and Child at the center, flanked by saints and donor, all illuminated by a soft, even light that enhances the clarity of every detail. The scene is an example of sacra conversazione, bringing together figures from different times in a single, unified space. Jan van Eyck painted this work in 1436, during the period known as the Northern Renaissance and the movement of Early Netherlandish painting. The painting is widely recognized as one of van Eyck's most ambitious and fully realized works, notable for its exquisite representation of textiles, armor, and religious iconography.