A wide field of green grass, dotted with countless yellow and white wildflowers, stretches across the foreground of Landscape Under a Stormy Sky. A narrow line of dark green hedges or bushes divides the field from the horizon, where a pair of low, orange-roofed buildings sit nestled among more trees. Above, the sky dominates the composition, filled with heavy, swirling clouds painted in thick, energetic strokes of white, grey, and blue-violet, suggesting the approach of a storm.

Patches of blue sky break through the clouds in places, casting a cool, shifting light over the field and trees below. The brushwork is bold and visible throughout, with dashes and swirls of paint that give the scene a sense of movement and immediacy. The composition is divided almost equally between the land and the sky, emphasizing the drama of the weather and the openness of the countryside.

Small details, such as the individual flower heads and the varied greens of the grass, are captured with quick, expressive marks, creating a lively surface texture. In the lower right corner, a diagonal strip of darker green grass or shadow cuts across the field, separating a small patch of taller vegetation from the rest of the meadow. The right edge of the painting features a cluster of dark, pointed evergreens rising above the roof of the building, their shapes sharply contrasting with the softer forms of the other trees.

Light falls unevenly across the scene, with some areas of the field appearing almost luminous with yellow-green highlights, while other sections are cast in cooler, bluish shadow from the clouds above. The swirling clouds are painted with thick, layered strokes of white, blue, and purple, creating a sense of depth and movement as they gather densely in the upper left and right corners. Vincent van Gogh painted this scene in Arles in May 1888.